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Standard A2. Incorporates theories of and research in adult learning and in learning disabilities in designing effective instruction appropriate to the learning environment.
Author
Title
Publishing Information
Abstract
Auerbach, E. Making meaning, making change: participatory curriculum development for adult ESL literacy Center for Applied Linguistics Delta Systems, McHenry, IL, 1997 A guide to participatory curriculum development based on adult education theory and Paolo Freire's approach to education for conscientization and action. It includes a chapter on the principles and research that inform this approach drawn from adult development and adult learning theories.
Bley, N, Thornton, C. Teaching Mathematics to the Learning Disabled Pro-ED,Austin, Texas, 1995
www.proEdinc.com - $39.00
This book presents a brief overview of learning disabilities and their effect on learning elementary through junior-high math. It focuses on general techniques that can aid the planning and implementation of mathematics instruction. It also deals with specific areas of mathematical instruction and looks at new curricula content and ways of helping LE students cope with them.
Bransford, John D., A.L. Brown, R.R. Cockings, eds.
How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience and School
National Academy Press, Wahsington, DC, 1999
Covers the latest research on how people learn, focusing on four dimensions of performance--knowledge base, fluency, independence, and range--which "influence how people move from novice to expert in any area."
Brown, H.D. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching (4th) Prentice Hall, 2000 The core text for the Massachusetts ESOL licensure-compatible courses to date, and improved in the new edition. Strong, comprehensive coverage of language learning theory and teaching methods, and one of the richest and most revealing examinations of what "cultural differences" can entail.
Christison, Mary Ann; Kennedy, Deborah
Multiple Intelligences: Theory and Practice in Adult ESL
This article underlines the basic tenets of Multiple Intelligence (MI) Theory and describes how it has been applied in teaching ESOL to adults. MI Theory broadens the traditional view of intelligence. MI Theory maintains that all humans have at least eight different intelligences that represent a variety of ways to learn and demonstrate understanding. Teachers who use MI to inform their curriculum development find that they gain a deeper understanding of their students' learning preferences and a great appreciation of their strengths, which generally results in higher levels of student engagement.
Cromley, Jennifer Learning to Learn, Learning to Think For ordering information:
www.nifl.gov/activities/
or
www.ed.gov/pubs/
edpubs.html
Rapidly becoming a virtual handbook for the "cognitive revolution" in research and practice, and one of the most practitioner-friendly resources. Cromley covers a wide range of adult development and learning theories, dispels myths, connects research to practice, and provides a host of handy appendices, factsheets, and templates for ready reference.
Demetrion, G. "A Critical Pedagogy of the Mainstream" Adult Basic Education, Summer 1998 Links adult literacy learning within mainstream programs to a personal philosophy of self-actualization, a scaffolding pedagogy, and the quest for inclusion into the main fabric of American economic, cultural and social life. These, in turn, are interpreted as important components undergirding John Jewey's concept of growth in its application to adult literacy, the philosophicd premise which frames this essay. The author warns that several thinkers in the field are promoting philosophical ideals that might do harm rather than good because they create unrealistic expectations in learners.
Fingeret, Hanna Arlene Adult Literacy Education: Current and Future Directions www.ericacve.org
ERIC 354391
What is literacy? The definition has evolved from simple reading and writing to literacy in social settings, to critical reflection and action. Who has power in literacy education? Learner participation ranges from teachers depositing information to instruction in which students participate in developing materials, to participatory literacy efforts in which students share power and responsibility for curriculum development, instruction, and program management. What is the purpose of literacy education? Literacy can be used for individual social mobility or for community development and social change. Individually-oriented and community-oriented approaches vary depending on which view of literacy underlies them. A number of issues should be considered as adult literacy education is growing and evolving, moving from a narrow view of literacy as discrete skills to a richer understanding of the relationship between literacy, culture, and people.
Hallowell, E. & Ratey, J. Driven to Distraction: Recognizing & Coping w/ Attention Deficit Disorder from Childhood thru Adulthood Simon & Shuster Trade, 1995 Recognizing and coping with attention deficit disorder from children through adulthood. Discusses the varied forms ADD takes and the transforming impact of precise diagnosis and treatment. Discusses medication and behavior-modification techniques for overcoming the syndrome.
Holcomb, Tom; Peyton, Joy Kreeft
ESL Literacy for a Linguistic Minority: The Deaf Experience
www.ericacve.org
ERIC 353861
This article offers possible explanations for the difficulties deaf individuals face when dealing with work related reading, writing, and communication with co-workers. The article also describes new approaches in deaf education that show promise for improving the literacy skills of deaf students.
Journal: All Issues ANNALS of Dyslexia: An Interdisciplinary Journal of the International Dyslexia Assoc. Chester Bldg, Suite 382, 8600 LaSalle Road, Baltimore, MD 21204 The Annals is an annual journal offering a wide range of articles/studies on primarily language disabilities: etiology, instructionally focused research, analyses, experimental approaches, and remediations.
Journal: All Issues Journal of Learning Disabilities Austin, Texas, PRO-ED, Inc.
www.proEdinc.com
Published six times a year, deals with both research and intervention in learning disabilities and disorders.
Journal: Theme Issue Theme: "Bringing our Philosophies into Practice" Adult Learning, AACE, v11 n2 This issue gives an overview of theories and philsophies that have informed adult education practice.
Journal: Theme Issue Theme: "Challenges of Learning and Teaching Math toAdults with LD."

Perspectives: A Quality Journal of the International Dyslexia Association
Summer 2000, v26 n3

Entire issue is devoted to the challenges of learning and teaching MATH to adults with LD.
Kamhi, A. and H. Catts.
Reading Disabilities: A Developmental Language Perspective
Allyn & Bacon, Boston, MA, 1998
Reading Disabilities: A Developmental Language Perspective
Kegan, Robert In Over Our Heads: The Mental Demands of Modern Life Harvard University Press, Cambridge Kegan has made a strong case, now widely held, that educators must consider an entire second "tier" of basic skills that adults need to be effective in modern society. Kegan has called these the higher-order skills, and they include solving complex problems and identifying resources. The book is highly readable.
Larsen-Freeman, D. Second Language Acquisition Research: Staking Out the Territory TESOL Quarterly, 1991 This extensive article reports on more recent research, which focuses on attempts to explain how language acquistion occurs and how learner factors lead to different levels and kinds of success among learners. "The focus has alternately broadened as researchers became more aware of the complexity of the issues and narrowed as greater depth of analysis was required." Larsen-Freeman suggests that the next phase of research will be attempts to unite both areas of focus: learning and the learner.
Lavoie, R. VIDEO: How Difficult Can This Be? The F.A.T. City Workshop www.ldonline.org/ld_store/
lavoie_fatcity.html


This remarkable video covers a workshop led by Richard Lavoie in which a group of parents, educators, psychologists, and children actually experience what it's like to have a learning disability. By dramatizing the LD child's classroom experience so vividly, Lavoie lets us experience what many adult learners have experienced. At the end of the workshop, participants discuss strategies for working more effectively with learning disabled students.
Lyon, G.R.
et al
Better Understanding Learning Disabilities Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Pub. Co., 1993 Presents view from research and their implications for education and public policies. The volume discusses development of definitions in the field of LD, as well as systems of classification. It considers LD from the perspective of cognitive psychology, the perspective of education, and presents definitions of reading disability. Finally, it considers the impacts of social and policy issues of LD.
MacArthur, C.A. "Using Technologies to Enhance the Writing Processes of Students with LD" Journal of Learning Disabilities
v29 n4
www.ldonline.org/ld_indepth/
technology/tech_writing.html

Reviews the ways that computers can support writing by students with learning disabilities, with an emphasis on applications that go beyond word processing. Following an overview of research on word processing is a discussion of software that assists with the basic prediction, and grammar and style checkers. Next, applications that support the cognitive software, and multimedia applications. Finally, the use of computer networks to support collaboration and communication with diverse audiences is addressed.
McKay, H., Abigail, Tom Teaching Adult Second Language Learners Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1999 This is a very user-friendly teacher resource which emphasizes the importance of knowing who the adult learner is, and what the adult learner brings to the classroom (and how teachers can learn about their learners). The authors devote a section to building community in the classroom, designing lesson plans, and working with multilevel students. Although geared towards ESOL learning situations, the information, suggestions and activities are useful and informative for all adult educators.
Mezirow, J. Education for Perspective Transformation: Women's Reentry Programs in Community Colleges New York, Teacher's College at Columbia University, 1975 "This report describes and discusses the findings that emerged from a study of reentry programs for women in community colleges across the nation.... These programs are designed to assist women who are resuming their education or are considering employment after an extended hiatus....The primary goal of the study was to identify factors that charateristically impede or facilitate the progress of these reentry programs" by providing "a qualitative data base specifying the most significant factors influencing the programs now in operation....The researchers drew on the inductive methodology of grounded theory,"...and derived the study's data from a combination of intensive field study, comprehensive analytical analysis, and written responses by programs."
Mezirow, J. On critical reflection Adult Education Quarterly; v48 n3 p185-98 Spr 1998 This article presents an analysis and clarification of the role of critical reflection of assumptions. This concept can help practitioners understand the process of how adults learn to think for themselves and act based on their own set of values rather than the values of others. The article discusses the types of critical reflection and the role critical reflection plays in learning.
Mezirow, J. and Associates.
Learning as Transformation: Critical Perspectives on a Theory in Progress.
Jossey-Bass, San Fransisco, CA, 2000
Jack Mezirow is one of the most respected thinkers and researchers on adult development and learning theory. Here he brings together the latest research and theory related to transformative learning, including implications for adult development. Contributors share examples from their own experiences as educators and assess the evolution of transformative learning in practice and philosophy.
Mezirow, Jack

A critical theory of adult learning and education

Journal of Adult Education, Vol. 32 #1 1981  This article discusses the theories of Jurgen Habermas, the nature of three domains of adult learning, each with its own interpretative categories, learning goals, needs, and methods of educational intervention. It includes a "charter for andragogy which defines the term as "an organized sustained effort to assist adults to learn in a way that enhances their capability to function as self directed learners."
Mezirow, Jack Fostering Critical Reflection in Adulthood Jossey-Bass , San Fransisco, CA, 1990  This book focuses on helping adults identify the frames of reference and assumptions that influence the way they perceive, think, decide, feel, and act on their experience. It suggests methods and proram approaches for precipitating and fostering transformative learning.
Nash, Andrea Talking shop: a curriculum sourcebook for participatory adult ESL Center for Applied Linguistics Delta Systems, McHenry, IL, 1992 This companion to Making Meaning, Making Change offers the voices of the teachers who worked in a family literacy program and is a valuable resource for participatory approaches that enables learners and teachers to build curriculum reflective of and responsive to their lives. (unfortunately, this is now out of print)
Nichols, E. Links in Learning MESE Consulting Ltd., 1996
$17.95+postage, 416-283-4447
A maual linking second language learning, literacy, and learning disabilities.
Oxford, R. "Language Learning Strategies: An Update" www.cal.org/ericcll/digest/
oxford01.html
This article provides summarized research findings which can help teachers to decide on appropriate ways to help ESOL learners. It starts with a discussion of the characteristics of "good second language learners" and then focuses on factors that affect language acquisition and ways to use or address those factors.
Pennington, B. Diagnosing Learning Disorders: A Neuro-psychological Framework New York, Guilford Press, 1991 This work synthesizes in one accessible volume information on LD from relevant disciplines--education, neuropsychology, cognitivie psychology--on dyslexia, ADHD, NLD, autism, and memory disorders. It combines a comprehensive review of the etiology of each disorder along with a detailed section on diagnosis and educational response.
Ranard, Donald A., Pfleger, Margo Language and Literacy Education for Southeast Asian Refugees http://www.ericacve.org
ERIC 365170
This article discusses changes in the way the needs of this population of learners for language and literacy education have been met during the 1970’s through the late 80’s. It especially focuses on the question of whether new refugees should receive intensive language and job training before they enter the workforce or study part time after they have found employment.
Schwarz, Robin; Burt, Miriam ESL Instruction for Learning Disabled Adults

www.ericacve.org
ERIC 379966

This article discusses identification of LD in the ESL population, issues around assessment of LD and the use of standardized tests with non- English speakers, as well as instructional methods and materials.
Schwarz, Robin; Terrill, Lynda
ESL Instruction and Adults with Learning Disabilities
www.ericacve.org
ERIC 443298
This article reviews what is known about adult ESOL learners and LD, suggests ways to identify and assess ESOL adults who may have LD, and offers practical methods for both instruction and teacher training.
Shapiro et al, eds. Specific Reading Disability: A View of the Spectrum Timonium, MD, York Press, 1998 A compendium of current research encompassing education, psychology, speech and language pathology, social work, neurology, genetics, and psychiatry presented by leading scholars, teachers, and practitioners. A most up-to-date source of current research and a useful guide to literature in the field.
Sharpio, J.
Rich, R.
Facing LD in the Adult years: Understanding Dyslexia, ADHD, Assessment, Intervention, and Research New York, Oxford UP, 1999 Information on the causes and symptoms of LD, including specific conditions such as ADHD and dyslexia. A review of definitions, an update of research, and advances in neuro-science, assessment and intervention, legal issues, and making college and employment plans.
Smith, M.C. & Pourchot, T. eds. Adult Learning and Development: Perspectives from Educational Psychology Mayway, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum, 1998 Perspectives on adult development and learning are presented by educational psychologists in order to contribute to adult education. Includes information on adult intellectual function, thinking, and problem-solving skills and research on adult learning domains.
Sunderland, H. Dyslexia and the Bilingual Learner: Assessing & Teaching adults & Young People who Speak English as an Additional Language. London Language Literacy Unit, 1997 This publication provides background information on dyslexia in ESOL learners/bilingual learners and offers diagnostic tools and teaching tips.
Thompson, S. The Source for Nonverbal Learning Disorders East Moline, IL, LinguiSystems, Inc. 1997 Though aimed at children, this manual gives a thorough perspective on nonverbal disabilities.
Website LD Online www.ldonline.org/ld_indepth/
adult/index.html
LD online is the official Website for two national organizations that deal with LD in both K-12 and adult literacy classrooms. It is an online collection of highly useful articles, including ERIC digests, links, and ongoing discussions.
Website National Resources for Adults with LD slincs.coe.utk.edu/
special_collections/
learning_disabilities/
National resources for adults with learning disabilities. This is a Website with dozens of good resources, including excerpts from and summaries of longer works (e.g. an LD Checklist)--so a lot of the work of "isolating" the relevant adult learner content has been done for you.
Website NCSALL (National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy) http://ncsall.gse.harvard.edu NCSALL is a joint project between Harvard University’s Graduate School of Education, World Education, Rutgers University Graduate School of Education, Portland State University, and the Center for Literacy Studies at the University of Tennessee. It’s mission is to improve the quality of practice in adult basic education, adult ESOL, and adult secondary education programs through the use of research. NCSALL conducts research on topics such as persistence and retention in adult education programs, the impact of gaining a GED, the use of multiple intelligences theory in adult education, and adult reading components which seeks to group learners using components of reading ability and give input to creating a better assessment tool for low level readers who are adults. NCSALL has a special emphasis on connecting research and practice via many routes which include the publications “Focus On Basics” and the Annual Review of Adult Learning and Literacy as well as the PDRN (Practitioner Dissemination and Research Network).
Website The Center for Literacy Studies http://cls.coe.utk.edu/ The Center for Literacy Studies strengthens adult literacy education in order to equip adults with the knowledge and skills they need to be lifelong learners and effective members of their families, communities and workplaces. The Center links theory and practice through research, professional development, partnerships, and building and sharing the knowledge of the field. The website contains links to professional development information as well as special online collections on topics such as health and literacy, science and numeracy, literacy and learning disabilities, and workforce education.
Website The Transition Coalition www.transitioncoalition.org/
index.html
Website offers useful information and support for all people interested and involved in the successful transition of learners with disabilities from school to work life.
Weiss, L. The Attention Deficit Disorder in Adults Workbook Dallas, Taylor Publishing, 1994 A combination journal, self-quiz, and organizer--all designed to give a daily, practical, hands-on method of coping with attentional difficulty. It goes step by step through the stages of managing ADD. Includes a section on the circumstances that most frustrate adults with attention problems.
Weiss, L.
Bonnett, K.
Attention Deficit Disorder in Adults: Practical Help and Understanding (3rd ed.) Dallas, Taylor Publishing, 1994 This updated volume still contains all the original information--how to tell if you have ADD, ways to master distraction, ADD's impact on the family, and more--plus the newest treatments available.
Wrigley, Heide Spruck, Guth, Gloria Bringing literacy to life: issues and options in adult ESL literacy

Aguirre International for the U.S. Dept. of Education, Office of Vocational and Adult Education, San Mateo, CA, 1992

email: csoong@aiweb.com

This is a highly regarded handbook for practitioners which links theory and practice in adult literacy with a special focus on ESL Literacy. It contains chapters on teaching approaches, curriculum, assessment, staff development and technology, along with several curriculum units developed by teachers in the field. The handbook uses promising practices culled from innovative programs to illustrate engaged learning and adventurous teaching
YALD Resources Teaching Manuals (LD) FAX 413-443-7919 for ordering instructions. The Western Massachusetts chapter of Young Adults with Learning Disorders (located at The Learning Connection in Pittsfield, MA) has developed three manuals to guide practitioners in working with adolescents and adults with LD: 1.Instructional Strategies to Benefit Adolescents and Adults with Learning Disabilities. 2.Do My ESOL Students Have Learning Disabilities? 3. The Educational Environment, Assessment, and Counseling Services for the Learning Disables Adolescent and Adult.
ZIP Got a great resource to suggest? Does one of our resources cover additional standards? All additions, suggestions, and queries are welcome! Please contact Carey Reid at creid@worlded.org

Boston CRC Central Northeast Southeast West
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