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Standard C6. Uses a variety of instructional methods, techniques, and tools that facilitate adult learning.
Author Title Publishing Information Abstract
Action Research Group on Learning Disabilities If only I could--read, write, spell: identifying and helping adults who find learning difficult in Seeds of Innovation Tennessee Literacy Resource Center, Knoxville, TN, Fall 1994  If Only I Could" is the result of an action research poject undertaken by seven Tennessee adult basic education practitioners. It addresses issues of assessment and instructional strategies, and includes an annotated bibliography of materials helpful to teachers of students with learning disabilities.
Barndt, D.
Cristall, F.
Marino, D.
Getting there: producing photo-stories with immigrant women Between the Lines, Toronto, 1982 "Getting There" explores learning experiences which will help adults discover their own values, needs, and skills and how they might fulfill their employment needs. For adults who are trying to make a transition from welfare to work or further education, the curriculum combines activities of personal reflection with research into local job and training opportunities and practice of job search skills.
Bell, Jill Teaching multilevel classes in ESL Dormac, San Diego, CA, 1988   This book is intended to provide the teacher of multilevel classes with a practical guide. The book reveals the challenges and the advantages of the multilevel class, as well as the problems inherent in developing a curriculum for such a class. Jill Bell uses numerous examples from her own teaching experiences, and includes suggestions for activities and exercises which can be used with these classes. She also shows how these activities can be adapted to suit the interests and abilities of particular classes, and provides a wealth of suggestions for evaluation and assessment.
Christison, M. A.
Kennedy, D.
Multiple Intelligences: Theory and Practice in Adult ESL
This article underlines the basic tenets of Multiple Intelligence (MI) Theory and describes how it has been applied in teaching ESOL to adults. MI Theory broadens the traditional view of intelligence. MI Theory maintains that all humans have at least eight different intelligences that represent a variety of ways to learn and demonstrate understanding. Teachers who use MI to inform their curriculum development find that they gain a deeper understanding of their students' learning preferences and a great appreciation of their strengths, which generally results in higher levels of student engagement.
Daloz, L.A. Mentor: Guiding the Journey of Adult Learners Jossey-Bass, 1999 Drawing on the myth of Mentor as companion and advisor to Odysseus, preeminent educational mentoring expert Laurent A. Daloz uses the metaphor of the mythic journey as a way of making sense of life's changes. He looks closely at what good teachers and mentors actually do, and inspires post-secondary educators to think of their work in fresh new ways.
Daloz, L. A. Effective teaching and mentoring Jossey-Bass, San Fransisco, CA, 1986  The primary purpose of "Effective Teaching and Mentoring" is to offere new perspectives for understanding adult learners and to suggest in concrete, practical ways based on current developmental theory how we can work more effectively to improve the quality of their educational experience. Chapters include: "Three Useful Maps of How Adults Change & Develop," "The Unsettling First Steps of and Educational Journey," and "How Learning Changes the Learner"
Fingeret, H.
Drennon, C.
Literacy for Life: Adult Learners, New Practices NY: Teachers College Press, 1997 NO ANNOTATION
Gillespie, M. Many literacies: modules for training adult beginning readers and tutors

Center for International Education, Amherst, MA, 1990

This very accessible work summarizes and applies research in modules that provide strategies for teaching reading and writing.
Holcomb, T.
Peyton, J. K.
ESL Literacy for a Linguistic Minority: The Deaf Experience
www.ericacve.org
ERIC 353861
This article offers possible explanations for the difficulties deaf individuals face when dealing with work related reading, writing, and communication with co-workers. The article also describes new approaches in deaf education that show promise for improving the literacy skills of deaf students.
Larsen-Freeman, Diane Techniques and principles in language teaching Oxford University Press, New York, NY Larsen-Freeman is a highly regarded professor at the School for International Study. This book is a popular intro to language teaching which explores traditional methods and recent innovations. Readers are invited into classrooms to see for themselves a method in action. They are also encouraged to reflect on their own beliefs and to develop their own approaches. The book provides practical, step by step guidance for new teachers, while introducing more experienced teachers to new approaches and ideas.
Leonelli, E. The ABE Math Standards Project Malden, MA (MassDOE), Massachusetts ABE Math Team, 1994
Call 781-338-3833 for possible copy.
"Main funding came as an award from The National Institute for Literacy Grant Program to Holyoke Community College in collaboration with SABES and The Massachusetts Department of Education." Vol. 1. The Massachusetts adult basic education math standards -- Vol. 2. Implementing the Massachusetts adult basic education math standards: our research stories.
MacArthur, C.A. "Using Technologies to Enhance the Writing Processes of Students with LD" Journal of Learning Disabilities
v29 n4
www.ldonline.org/ld_indepth/
technology/tech_writing.html

Reviews the ways that computers can support writing by students with learning disabilities, with an emphasis on applications that go beyond word processing. Following an overview of research on word processing is a discussion of software that assists with the basic prediction, and grammar and style checkers. Next, applications that support the cognitive software, and multimedia applications. Finally, the use of computer networks to support collaboration and communication with diverse audiences is addressed.
Meyer, V.
Keefe, D.
Reading for Meaning: Selected Teaching Strategies Glenview, IL: Scott, Forseman, 1990 "Lifelong Learning Books." Includes index
National Adult Literacy and Learning Disabilites Center Bridges to practice: a research-based guide for literacy practitioners serving adults with learning disabilities The National Adult Literacy and Learning Disabilities Center, Washington, DC, 1999 Guidebook 1: Preparing to serve adults with learning disabilities -- Guidebook 2: The assessment process -- Guidebook 3: The planning process -- Guidebook 4: The teaching/learning process -- Guidebook 5: Creating professional development opportunities -- Bridges to systemic reform (videocassette)
Shank, C.
Terrill, L.
Teaching Multi-Level ESOL Classrooms Online:
www.cal.org/ncle/digests/
shank.htm

ERIC 383242
In multilevel adult English as a second language (ESL) classes, teachers are challenged to use a variety of materials, activities, and techniques to engage the interest of the learners and assist them in their educational goals. This digest recommends ways to choose and organize content for multilevel classes; it explains grouping strategies; it discusses a self-access component, independent work for individual learners; and it offers suggestions for managing the classes.
Smoke, T. (ed) Adult ESL: Politics, Pedagogy and Participation in Classroom and Community Programs Mahwaw, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1998 This book presents a range of models for drawing on learners' strengths in teaching adult ESL.
Tate, M.
Alexander, J.
"Teaching Critical Evaluation Skills for World Wide Web Resources" Computers in Libraries
Nov/Dec 1996
The authors argue that merely helping an adult learner access the Web is not enough. Instruction must also involve helping learners to critically evaluate resources. The provide a sample lesson plan and several effective strategies.
Vella, J. K. Training through Dialogue:Promoting Effective Learning and Change with Adults Jossey-Bass, San Fransisco, CA, 1995 "Training Through Dialogue" applies the principles of adult learning to the tasks of designing and implementing educational programs. She draws on the field of popular education, in which learners are essentially partners. Through numerous examples in a variety of settings, Vella illustrates the effectiveness of her train-the-trainer program: in Chile with community health educators, in rural Arkansas with small business developers, in New England with trainers from diverse nonprofit organizations etc. Each chapter ends with a summary that invites critique and suggestions and presents indicators of changed behavior from individuals who took part in that particular program.
Video Captured Wisdom, CD and Video

National Center for Adult Literacy (NCAL)

To Order:
www.ncrel.org/cw/al/

This is an interactive multimedia resource designed to help inform educators of successful technology integration practices in adult education environments. Captured Wisdom shows innovative, replicable activities, discussed by front-line classroom educators and learners so that other teachers can feel they have had an opportunity to actually visit the classes and chat directly with the learners and teachers about their work.
Warschauer, M. Electronic Literacies: Language, Culture, and Power in Online Education Mahwaw, NJ: L. Erlbaum, 1999 A study of the challenges and contradictions that arise as culturally and linguistically diverse learners engage in new language and literacy practices which use technology, particularly the internet. This book is one of the first to present research on the role of the internet and other technologies in the development of language and literacy, and considers how the nature of reading and writing is changing and how those changes are being addressed in the classroom. It's based on a 2 year ethnographic study of the uses of the Net in four language and writing classrooms. Includes data from interviews with students and teachers, classroom observations, and analysis of student's texts.
Website Adult Literacy Resource Institute Inquiry Maps www2.wgbh.org/mbcweis/ltc
/alri/I.M.html
This includes conversation about Project-based Learning, Inquiry Maps and the Internet. This conversation is followed by two articles by David Rosen, which are based on excerpts from the conversation. It explains what project-based learning and inquiry maps are and how to use them in the classroom. The site uses examples from student experiences and shows how to expand upon them. There are also links to more information about this topic.
Website LiteracyList www.alri.org/literacylist.html The Literacy List is a large collection of free Adult Basic Education and ESL/ESOL Web sites, electronic lists ("listservs"), and other internet resources for adult basic skills learners and teachers. The resources have been suggested by adult literacy and ESOL practitioners. Links to: Websites for Teachers and Students; Free Internet Tools for Teachers and Students; E-mail, Internet Service Providers, Web space, Web boards, and Online Survey and Database Websites; Electronic Lists; Lesson Plans; Software Reviews; Fundraising and Grant Information; Webpage Design Tools; On-line Training Resources; MOO's; Web-based Virtual Field Trips; and An Eclectic Collection of Other Good Websites
Website NCSALL (National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy) ncsall.gse.harvard.edu NCSALL is a joint project between Harvard University’s Graduate School of Education, World Education, Rutgers University Graduate School of Education, Portland State University, and the Center for Literacy Studies at the University of Tennessee. It’s mission is to improve the quality of practice in adult basic education, adult ESOL, and adult secondary education programs through the use of research. NCSALL conducts research on topics such as persistence and retention in adult education programs, the impact of gaining a GED, the use of multiple intelligences theory in adult education, and adult reading components which seeks to group learners using components of reading ability and give input to creating a better assessment tool for low level readers who are adults. NCSALL has a special emphasis on connecting research and practice via many routes which include the publications “Focus On Basics” and the Annual Review of Adult Learning and Literacy as well as the PDRN (Practitioner Dissemination and Research Network).
Website The Adult Numeracy Network: Teachers, Students, and Math Working Together www.std.com/anpn/ The A.N.N is a community dedicated to quality mathematics instruction at the adult level. From their mission statement "We support each other, we encourage collaboration and leadership, and we influence policy and practice in adult math instruction." The website includes mathematics activities involving multi-sensory models, archives of a mathematics e-mail listserv for adult educators, full text articles written by adult educators about teaching math, and many links to other numeracy related websites. Check out the link to "Adult Numeracy page" for many online and printable math activities.
Website The Center for Media Literacy www/medialit.org "A democratic civilization will save itself only if it makes the language of the image into a stimulus for critical reflection, not an invitation to hypnosis." -Umberto Eco This is a quote which appears on the Center for Media Literacy’s website. The Center’s mission is to help individuals learn to use critical thinking skills in accessing, analyzing, evaluating and creating media. The website provides numerous full text articles on topics such as violence and the media, how to analyze media messages, what parents should know about children and television, how the media shapes society, and how students can learn critical thinking skills along with literacy skills in the production of media.
Website The Literacy Assistance Center's (LAC) www.lacnyc.org/resources/
curricula.htm
This website contains many lesson plans for use with adult learners on such topics as writing dialogue poems, creating a time capsule, the alphabet game, a fun icebreaker that can be used with adults in ESOL or ABE classes, and how to research jobs online. The lesson plans are broken down by category. The following categories are listed: general, Workforce development, ESOL, and Children, Youth, and Family Literacy.
Website The website for the Health & Literacy Compendium www.worlded.org/us/health/
docs/comp/
The Health and Literacy Compendium includes over 80 citations to print and Web materials available in North America that cover such topics as: how to assess and develop easy-to-read health education materials, how to teach literacy using health content, information about the literacy field and "participatory" education methodologies as well as Curricula and materials on a variety of health topics for adults with limited literacy skills.
Wrigley, H.S. "Knowledge in Action: The Promise of Project-Based Learning"

Focus on Basics, December 1998
v2, nD

This article describes the history, process, and strategies involved in doing project-based learning with adult learners. It discusses the role of the teacher in project based learning as well as the many benefits and skill gains on the part of students who take ownership of the project.
Wrigley, Heide Spruck, Guth, Gloria Bringing literacy to life: issues and options in adult ESL literacy

Aguirre International for the U.S. Dept. of Education, Office of Vocational and Adult Education, San Mateo, CA, 1992

email: csoong@aiweb.com

This is a highly regarded handbook for practitioners which links theory and practice in adult literacy with a special focus on ESL Literacy. It contains chapters on teaching approaches, curriculum, assessment, staff development and technology, along with several curriculum units developed by teachers in the field. The handbook uses promising practices culled from innovative programs to illustrate engaged learning and adventurous teaching
ZIP Got a great resource to suggest? Does one of our resources cover additional standards? All additions, suggestions, and queries are welcome! Please contact Carey Reid at creid@worlded.org

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