The editors of Focus on Basics (FOB) at NCSALL have generously provided the following suggested readings for each of the Route 4 standards. Individual volumes can be printed out or downloaded from ncsall.gse.harvard.edu/fob. There is also a subject index linked to the main page.

(a)1. Incorporates theories of and research in adult development in designing effective instruction appropriate to the learning environment (e.g., in the classroom, workplace, homeless shelter).

Recommended FOB Issue: Adult Development (vol. 5B)

(a)2. Incorporates theories of and research in adult learning and learning disabilities in designing effective instruction appropriate to the learning environment.

Recommended FOB Articles:
Linda Huntington, Focus on Teaching: Beginning Math for Beginning Readers (vol. 4B)
Rochelle Kenyon, Accommodating Math Students with Learning Disabilities (vol. 4B)

(c)5. Sets forth the learning objectives, instructional methods, and their rationale in the design of instruction and makes them available to colleagues and learners.

Recommended FOB Articles:
Victoria Purcell-Gates, There's Reading... and Then There's Reading (vol. 1B)
Tom Sticht, The Theory Behind Content-Based Instruction (vol. 1D)
Elsa Auerbach, The Power of Writing, the Writing of Power (vol. 3D)
Jennifer Cromley, Learning with Computers: The Theory Behind the Practice (vol. 4C)

(c)6. Uses a variety of instructional methods, techniques, and tools that facilitate adult learning.

Recommended FOB Articles:
Perhaps a dozen articles would be relevant, depending on content and context. Use the subject index on NCSALL's Web site.

(d)4. Evaluates the effectiveness of instruction and modifies it based upon results and student feedback.

Recommended FOB Article:
Shirley Wright, Learners First (vol. 3B)