This is a motherboard of a Pentium 4 computer.

CPU stands for "Central Processing Unit". It is the brains of the computer. This is where all the work or processing takes place. It's like a very, very, very fast calculator; adding, subracting, multiplying or dividing numbers. These numbers change depending on something happening on your monitor screen, your mouse or your keyboard.

To learn more, click on Examples of CPUs and http://computer.howstuffworks.com/